Ideas across traditions · consciousness · Renaissance & Early Modern Europe
madness
Works in 16 traditions beyond Renaissance & Early Modern Europe attest this concept, on 1,815 cited pages. Translators have rendered it as “mania”, “insanity”, “insania”, “unmada” and 5 other ways; a link through a rendering is marked as such, because another translator chose differently.
Also under: “mania” · “insanity” · “insania” · “unmada” · “furor” · “amentia” · “amentiam” · “vesania” · “μανία”
96works in other traditions, with a cited page
22works in Renaissance & Early Modern Europe, its home tradition on the maps
300further works where only a vocabulary list or keyword names it; not shown
1judged analogues in other traditions (a different word for a neighbouring idea)
Analogues, judged
A different word, in another tradition, that a reviewer judged to name a neighbouring idea. These are not attestations of madness; each carries the reviewer’s confidence and reason.
- ecstasy Hellenistic & Late Antique80%glossed 'madness or fury'; the Phaedrus divine madness is adjacent to ekstasis but a separate Greek term (judged from the other side)
In other traditions
Ordered by the earliest work in each tradition that attests the concept. Within a tradition, works run from earliest to latest by conventional composition date.
Zoroastrian
- 1000 BCEZoroastrian liturgical corpus (Avesta: Yasna, Visperad, Yašts, Vendīdād)same word and a translator’s rendering
- 1000 BCEAvesta — Gāthās, Yasna, Vendīdād, Yašts, Hādōxt Nasksame word and a translator’s rendering
Hebrew & Jewish
- 500 BCEJob (Iyov)same word and a translator’s rendering
- 20 CEPhilo of Alexandria (collected works)same word and a translator’s rendering
- 30 CEPhilo, On Dreams (De somniis)same word and a translator’s rendering
- 1040Ibn Gabirol, Keter Malkhut & Tikkun Middot ha-Nefesha translator’s rendering
Greek
- 450 BCEPresocratic fragments (Diels): Parmenides, Anaxagoras, Democritus on soula translator’s rendering
- 430 BCEHerodotus, the dreams of Croesus, Xerxes and Astyagessame word and a translator’s rendering
- 400 BCEHippocratic corpus, Regimen IV (On Dreams)same word and a translator’s rendering
- mania — frenzyfixed and inherent in a single thought without fever. To me, indeed, melancholia seems to be the beginning and a part ofThe Princes of the Medical Art, 1567, p. 131 · flagged as a term by the translator
- mania — insanityof the mind, and upon the muscles that exist in the jaws. It is necessary therefore, Hippocrates said, that this sign ofArticella or The Art of Medicine, 1476, p. 147 · flagged as a term by the translator
- mania — frenzy/madnessra yellow bile with anxiety and sadness, if this inflammation increases so that it changes into black cholera, it causesArticella or The Art of Medicine, 1483, p. 89 · flagged as a term by the translator
- 400 BCEHippocratic corpus: On the Sacred Disease; Regimen IV (On Dreams); On the Nature of Mansame word and a translator’s rendering
- 385 BCEPlato, Symposiumsame word and a translator’s rendering
- 380 BCEPlato, Phaedosame word and a translator’s rendering
- mania — madnessd names thought that madness was neither shameful nor disgraceful; otherwise they would not have connected the very wordPlato Euthyphro, Apology, Crito, Phaedo, Phaedrus, 1683, p. 489 · flagged as a term by the translator
- mania — madnessd names thought that madness was neither shameful nor disgraceful; otherwise they would not have connected the very wordEuthyphro, Apology, Crito, Phaedo, and Phaedrus, 1913, p. 494 · flagged as a term by the translator
- 375 BCEPlato, Republic IX (the lawless desires in sleep) and Timaeus on the liversame word and a translator’s rendering
- furor — frenzy/divine inspiration. ### CAP. XIV. Therefore, just as it descends through four degrees, it is necessary that it ascend through four. DivineThe Complete Works of Plato, 1557, p. 300 · flagged as a term by the translator
- insania — madnessught to gratify the non-lover more, because the latter is wise, while the former is mad. If it were a simple matter thatComplete Works of Plato, 1561, p. 335 · flagged as a term by the translator
- mania — divine frenzy/deliriumAnd the madnessProclus in Politiam Platonis . Proklos eis Politeian tou Platonos, 1050, p. 291 · flagged as a term by the translator
- 375 BCEPlato, Republic VII (the cave; periagoge of the soul)same word and a translator’s rendering
- 375 BCEPlato, Republic (Book IX on dreams and the tyrannical soul; Book X Myth of Er)same word and a translator’s rendering
- 370 BCEPlato, Phaedrussame word and a translator’s rendering
- mania — madnessd names thought that madness was neither shameful nor disgraceful; otherwise they would not have connected the very wordPlato Euthyphro, Apology, Crito, Phaedo, Phaedrus, 1683, p. 489 · flagged as a term by the translator
- mania — madnessd names thought that madness was neither shameful nor disgraceful; otherwise they would not have connected the very wordEuthyphro, Apology, Crito, Phaedo, and Phaedrus, 1913, p. 494 · flagged as a term by the translator
- mania — madness/divine inspirationy; and one might speak of the restoration of the soul here, when it is about to begin. First, then, it holds the musicalHermias, Commentary on Plato's Phaedrus, 15th century, p. 105 · flagged as a term by the translator
- 370 BCEPlato, Phaedrus (tripartite soul, divine madness, recollection)same word and a translator’s rendering
- mania — madnessd names thought that madness was neither shameful nor disgraceful; otherwise they would not have connected the very wordPlato Euthyphro, Apology, Crito, Phaedo, Phaedrus, 1683, p. 489 · flagged as a term by the translator
- mania — madnessd names thought that madness was neither shameful nor disgraceful; otherwise they would not have connected the very wordEuthyphro, Apology, Crito, Phaedo, and Phaedrus, 1913, p. 494 · flagged as a term by the translator
- mania — madness/divine inspirationy; and one might speak of the restoration of the soul here, when it is about to begin. First, then, it holds the musicalHermias, Commentary on Plato's Phaedrus, 15th century, p. 105 · flagged as a term by the translator
- 370 BCEXenophon, Memorabilia and Oeconomicussame word and a translator’s rendering
- 370 BCEXenophon, Memorabilia (Socrates' daimonion, I.1; the mind that governs the body, I.4)same word and a translator’s rendering
- 360 BCEPlato, Timaeus (world-soul, sense-perception, the liver and divination, 69–72)same word and a translator’s rendering
- μανία — madnessombined with dulness which hinders the ἀμαθὴς stupid person from perceiving his ignorance. It must also be observed thatTimaeus (Greek text with commentary), 1888, p. 335 · flagged as a term by the translator
- μανίαdullness that prevents the ignorant person from perceiving their own ignorance. It must also be observed that "madness"Timaeus, 1888, p. 337 · original word kept by the translator
- 340 BCEAristotle, Parva naturalia (De sensu, De memoria, De somno, De insomniis, De divinatione per somnum)a translator’s rendering
- 340 BCEAristotle, On Sleep, On Dreams, On Divination in Sleep (Parva naturalia)a translator’s rendering
- 300 BCEPythagoras (attr.), Golden Versesa translator’s rendering
- 300 BCEPythagoras, Golden Verses (Carmina Aurea)a translator’s rendering
- 200 CEOrphic Hymnssame word and a translator’s rendering
Hermetic & Gnostic
- 100 BCESibylline Oraclessame word and a translator’s rendering
- 150 CECorpus Hermeticum (I Poimandres; X; XI; XIII On Rebirth)same word and a translator’s rendering
- mania — madness or furyself follows later as an accident following upon the inspiration. Plato in the Phaedrus says the ancients named prophecyThe Divine Pymander, Asclepius, and On the Mysteries, 1532, p. 234 · flagged as a term by the translator
- mania — madness or frenzyg the inspiration. Plato says in the Phaedrus a dialogue by Plato on love and rhetoric that the ancients called prophecyPymander, Asclepius, and On the Mysteries of the Egyptians, 1532, p. -118 · flagged as a term by the translator
- mania — divine madness or furydeparture or alienation, as an accident following inspiration. Plato in the *Phaedrus* says the ancients called prophecyAsclepius (Mercurii Trismegisti Pymander), 1532, p. 240 · flagged as a term by the translator
- 150 CEHermetica, Corpus Hermeticum I (Poimandres, the vision in sleep)same word and a translator’s rendering
- 200 CECorpus Hermeticum (Pimander / Poimandres)same word and a translator’s rendering
- 250 CEKore Kosmousame word and a translator’s rendering
- 250 CEHermetic excerpts in Stobaeus (Kore Kosmou)same word and a translator’s rendering
- 250 CEAsclepius (Latin Hermeticum)same word and a translator’s rendering
- 300 CEIamblichus, De mysteriis III (divine dreams and god-sent sleep)same word and a translator’s rendering
- mania — madness or furyself follows later as an accident following upon the inspiration. Plato in the Phaedrus says the ancients named prophecyThe Divine Pymander, Asclepius, and On the Mysteries, 1532, p. 234 · flagged as a term by the translator
- mania — divine madness/frenzys familiar with it, and participates in it as much as it is able. This, then, is a common account of the cause of divineIamblichus, On the Mysteries of the Egyptians, 15th century, p. 95 · flagged as a term by the translator
- mania — madness or frenzyg the inspiration. Plato says in the Phaedrus a dialogue by Plato on love and rhetoric that the ancients called prophecyPymander, Asclepius, and On the Mysteries of the Egyptians, 1532, p. -118 · flagged as a term by the translator
- 300 CEAsclepius (Latin Hermetic dialogue; on the soul, immortality and daimones)same word and a translator’s rendering
- 700 CEMandaean Book of John (Sidra ḏ-Yahia)a translator’s rendering
Roman
- 45 BCECicero, Tusculan Disputations I (the soul and its immortality)same word and a translator’s rendering
- amentia — dementia/mindlessnessse things insanity, because in perturbation, just as in the body, health cannot exist. And no less that which they namedTusculan Disputations, 1491, p. 54 · flagged as a term by the translator
- amentia — madnessody, health cannot exist. Nor is that less acute: that they named an affection of the soul lacking the light of the mindTusculan Disputations, 1496, p. 105 · flagged as a term by the translator
- furor — a blindness of the mind regarding all thingsStoics hold that foolishness does not fall upon the wise man, just as disturbances do not; and yet they say that madnessTusculan Disputations, 1494, p. 50 · flagged as a term by the translator
- 45 BCECicero, Tusculan Disputationssame word and a translator’s rendering
- amentia — dementia/mindlessnessse things insanity, because in perturbation, just as in the body, health cannot exist. And no less that which they namedTusculan Disputations, 1491, p. 54 · flagged as a term by the translator
- amentia — madnessody, health cannot exist. Nor is that less acute: that they named an affection of the soul lacking the light of the mindTusculan Disputations, 1496, p. 105 · flagged as a term by the translator
- furor — a blindness of the mind regarding all thingsStoics hold that foolishness does not fall upon the wise man, just as disturbances do not; and yet they say that madnessTusculan Disputations, 1494, p. 50 · flagged as a term by the translator
- 44 BCECicero, De divinatione (and De fato)same word and a translator’s rendering
- furor — frenzy/madnessderived the name of this most excellent thing from divi gods , while the Greeks, as Plato interprets it, derived it fromOn Old Age, On Friendship, On Divination, 1923, p. 234 · flagged as a term by the translator
- furor — divine frenzya praesagitio premonition injected from without and enclosed divinely. If this has flared up more sharply, it is calledM. Tullii Ciceronis De philosophia prima pars uolumen secundum .. De philosophia uolumen secundum, id est, De natura deo, 1541, p. 198 · flagged as a term by the translator
- furor — divine madness/frenzyDE DIVINATIONE I divine. For Democritus denies that any poet can be great withoutM.T. Ciceronis De philosophia volumen primum secundo volumine, .. Secundo volumine haec continentur. M.T.C. de natura de, 1523, p. 207 · flagged as a term by the translator
- 44 BCECicero, On Divination (De divinatione) and the Dream of Scipiosame word and a translator’s rendering
- 20 BCEHorace, Epistles and Satiressame word and a translator’s rendering
- 180 CEPliny the Elder / Galen on dreams and diagnosis (De dignotione ex insomniis)same word and a translator’s rendering
- mania — madnesss delirium caused by brain inflammation and lethargus lethargy/coma . Sometimes the vice is present without fever, as inEpitome of the Complete Works of Galen, 1548, p. 157 · flagged as a term by the translator
- mania — madnessremaining phrenitic—that is, delirious. For we understand phrenitis as existing continuously with fever, differing fromThe Complete Works of Claudius Galen, Vol. 17 Pt. 1, 1821, p. 716 · flagged as a term by the translator
Hellenistic & Late Antique
- 100 CEPlutarch, Moraliasame word and a translator’s rendering
- 170 CEGalen, De placitis Hippocratis et Platonissame word and a translator’s rendering
- mania — madnessem by white hellebore a medicinal flowering plant . For no one is so disciplined among the Greeks who does not know thatWorks of Galen, 1490, p. 296 · flagged as a term by the translator
- mania — insanity. Most of all, hellebore brings help. Alienation of the mind consists of a double distinct species: this the Greeks callAll Existing Works, 1565, p. 158 · flagged as a term by the translator
- maniasolved. Severe deafness and a great flow of blood from the nostrils resolve pain in the lower regions of the body. ManiaComplete Works Vol. I (Opera Omnia), 1609, p. 436 · flagged as a term by the translator
- 190 CEGalen, Quod animi mores corporis temperamenta sequantur (with De temperamentis, De locis affectis)same word and a translator’s rendering
- 230 CEDiogenes Laertius, Lives and Opinions of the Philosophers (doxography of soul theories)same word and a translator’s rendering
- 260 CEPlotinus, Enneads (I.6, IV.8, V.1, VI.9: turning inward and union)same word and a translator’s rendering
- mania — μανίαnatural, involuntary gravity. . But that which is outside of these things, having entered into a state of divine madnessThe Enneads, 1200-1300, p. 646 · original word kept by the translator
- maniae, which seeks through that which is released from matter. Whether a belief is suspended by her own internal **madness**The Enneads, 1200-1300, p. 323 · original word kept by the translator
- 260 CEPlotinus, Enneads (IV on the soul; V on Nous; I.1 What is the living being and what is man)same word and a translator’s rendering
- mania — μανίαnatural, involuntary gravity. . But that which is outside of these things, having entered into a state of divine madnessThe Enneads, 1200-1300, p. 646 · original word kept by the translator
- maniae, which seeks through that which is released from matter. Whether a belief is suspended by her own internal **madness**The Enneads, 1200-1300, p. 323 · original word kept by the translator
- 300 CEIamblichus, De mysteriis (Reply to Porphyry’s Letter to Anebo)same word and a translator’s rendering
- mania — divine madness/frenzys familiar with it, and participates in it as much as it is able. This, then, is a common account of the cause of divineIamblichus, On the Mysteries of the Egyptians, 15th century, p. 95 · flagged as a term by the translator
- mania — madness or frenzyertain alienation as an incident following the afflatus. Plato, in the Phaedrus , says that the ancients called prophecyDe Mysteriis Aegyptiorum (with Pimander & Asclepius), 1607, p. 67 · flagged as a term by the translator
- maniae adapted to be generated by such as are less excellent. But it is necessary to investigate the causes of divine madnessOn the Mysteries (Thomas Taylor trans.), 1821, p. 161 · original word kept by the translator
- 300 CEIamblichus, De mysteriis (divination, possession, ecstasy, theurgy)same word and a translator’s rendering
- mania — divine madness/frenzys familiar with it, and participates in it as much as it is able. This, then, is a common account of the cause of divineIamblichus, On the Mysteries of the Egyptians, 15th century, p. 95 · flagged as a term by the translator
- mania — madness or frenzyertain alienation as an incident following the afflatus. Plato, in the Phaedrus , says that the ancients called prophecyDe Mysteriis Aegyptiorum (with Pimander & Asclepius), 1607, p. 67 · flagged as a term by the translator
- maniae adapted to be generated by such as are less excellent. But it is necessary to investigate the causes of divine madnessOn the Mysteries (Thomas Taylor trans.), 1821, p. 161 · original word kept by the translator
- 300 CEIamblichus, De anima (fragments in Stobaeus)same word and a translator’s rendering
- 362 CEJulian, Hymn to King Helios; Hymn to the Mother of the Godsa translator’s rendering
- 430 CEHierocles of Alexandria, Commentary on the Golden Versessame word and a translator’s rendering
- 430 CEPythagorean Golden Verses with Hierocles' commentary (soul, its vehicle, purification)same word and a translator’s rendering
- 440 CEProclus, Commentary on the Timaeus (soul, world-soul, the vehicles)a translator’s rendering
- 450 CEStobaeus, Anthology (Anthologium/Eclogae)same word and a translator’s rendering
- 470 CEProclus, Elements of Theology and Platonic Theology (the self-constituted soul; reversion)same word and a translator’s rendering
- amentiantellectual, is participated by souls that are neither divine nor those subject to the change from intelligence to follyElements of Theology and Physics, 1618, p. 106 · original word kept by the translator
- maniary a heavy weight of refutation. The praise has made these things more harmonious. Ignorance is a long-lasting "madness"Beginnings of Philosophy and Theology from Platonic Sources, 1820, p. 314 · flagged as a term by the translator
- 470 CEProclus, On the Hieratic Art (De sacrificio et magia)same word and a translator’s rendering
- mania — madness or frenzyg the inspiration. Plato says in the Phaedrus a dialogue by Plato on love and rhetoric that the ancients called prophecyPymander, Asclepius, and On the Mysteries of the Egyptians, 1532, p. -118 · flagged as a term by the translator
- mania — madness or frenzyertain alienation as an incident following the afflatus. Plato, in the Phaedrus , says that the ancients called prophecyDe Mysteriis Aegyptiorum (with Pimander & Asclepius), 1607, p. 67 · flagged as a term by the translator
Indian
- 200 CECaraka Saṃhitā / Suśruta on dreams as prognostic signssame word and a translator’s rendering
- Unmáda — insanityentary text The text has A'gantuka traumatic diseases . The commentator Gayadāsa explains it to mean Apasmára epilepsy ,Sushruta Samhita Vol. 3 (English Translation from Sanskrit), 1907, p. 32 · flagged as a term by the translator
- Unmada — insanity/psychosister | 269 | 21 | ### Chapter 7 | Subject | Page | Line | | :--- | :---: | :---: | | Chapter on the diagnosis of insanityCharaka Saṃhitā (Complete Sanskrit Edition), 1900, p. 24 · flagged as a term by the translator
- unmāda — insanity454 13 | | And in kuṣṭha leprosy/skin disease | 454 17 | | And in prameha diabetes/urinary disorders | 454 21 | | And inचरकसंहिता (Caraka Saṃhitā), 1819, p. 41 · flagged as a term by the translator
- 850 CENetra Tantra (yoga chapters, with Kṣemarāja's Udyota)a translator’s rendering
- 1000Abhinavagupta, Tantrāloka (with Tantrasāra)a translator’s rendering
- 1000Abhinavagupta, Tantrāloka (with Jayaratha) and Tantrasāraa translator’s rendering
- 1886Ramakrishna (Kathāmṛta / Great Master)a translator’s rendering
Early Christian & Monastic
- 225 CEOrigen, De principiissame word and a translator’s rendering
- amentia — insanitydness of mind than the ancient Christians, whose religion was called moria folly , mania madness , stultitia stupidity ,Origenis opera omnia et quae eius nomine circumferuntur, 1743, p. 482 · flagged as a term by the translator
- mania — madnessore worthy of being accused of a lack of mind than the ancient Christians, whose religion was called moria foolishness ,Origenis opera omnia et quae eius nomine circumferuntur / Tomus primus., 1743, p. 482 · flagged as a term by the translator
- 233 CEOrigen, On Prayer (Peri euchēs)a translator’s rendering
Arabic
- 980 CEal-Majūsī, Kāmil al-ṣināʿa (Pantegni) / Constantinus Africanus (brain, spirits, oblivion)a translator’s rendering
- mania — madnesshidden, saying those suffering from this disease are demoniacs. But some physicians say it is epilepsy, others say it isThe Works of Constantinus Africanus, 1536, p. 306 · flagged as a term by the translator
- maniascends to the eyes from the gross humor causes dry ophthalmia . And if it enters the membranes of the brain, it producesWorks of Constantine the African, Vol. II, 1539, p. 121 · flagged as a term by the translator
- 1025Avicenna, al-Qānūn fī l-ṭibb (brain, inner senses, sleep, melancholy)same word and a translator’s rendering
- amentia — dementia/mindlessnesssome other of the fruits from among the sweet ones, among those that cover and make it not appear. ### On stupidity andThe Canon of Medicine, 1476, p. 56 · flagged as a term by the translator
- amentia — dementia/mindlessnesse and the imagination, that is, either destruction—and he names this the deletion of reason—or weakness, and it is namedCanon of Medicine, 1492, p. 33 · flagged as a term by the translator
- furor — perhaps slag/drosslower of copper flos aeris copper oxide/verdigris and galls; or copper bark ground with vinegar for some days, and burntThe Canon of Medicine (Canon Medicinae), Vol. I, 1595, p. 683 · flagged as a term by the translator
Medieval Latin
- 1245Bartholomaeus Anglicus, De proprietatibus rerum III (De anima)same word and a translator’s rendering
- mania — madness/furymentia and its causes and signs. Chapter 5. A decorative initial 'D' begins the section. Dementia madness is the same asOn the Properties of Things, 1483, p. 136 · flagged as a term by the translator
- mania — madnessad signs diminish, there is reason to hope. ### Of Dementia and its causes and signs. Chapter 5. Dementia is the same asOn the Properties of Things, 1492, p. 101 · flagged as a term by the translator
- mania — madnesslarly experience diseases, for example, pthisis tuberculosis/wasting disease , peripneumonia inflammation of the lungs ,De proprietatibus rerum, 13uu, p. 201 · flagged as a term by the translator
- 1272Thomas Aquinas on dreams (Summa II-II q.95 a.6; commentary on De somniis)same word and a translator’s rendering
- furor — furyamascene John of Damascus incorrectly assigns three species of anger, namely: fel bile/rancor , mania rage/madness , andSumma theologiae: Pars secunda: prima pars, 1471, p. 122 · flagged as a term by the translator
- furorls "bilious" original: "fellea" ; mania, which he calls "insanity" original: "insania" ; and fury, which he calls "rage"Summary of Theology: Second Part of the Second Part, 1480, p. 455 · original word kept by the translator
- maniaext. ...some accident. For he calls the beginning of the movement of anger "wrath," or as remaining, he calls it "mania"Summary of Theology: Second Part, 1490, p. 136 · original word kept by the translator
- 1300Jacobus de Cessolis, Liber de moribus hominum (chess allegory)same word and a translator’s rendering
- 1300Marguerite Porete, Mirror of Simple Soulssame word
- 1308Llull, Ars brevis / Ars magna (the Art as contemplative combinatoric)a translator’s rendering
- furor — furyw or diminish its acts? From the fact that irascible things are its species, and see in the second species of f. WhetherThe Ultimate General Art, 1480, p. 398 · flagged as a term by the translator
- furorr diminish its acts? And because irascible things irascibilia are its species? See the second species of F. Whether furyArs magna, generalis et ultima, 1517, p. 242 · flagged as a term by the translator
- 1470Hendrik Herp (Harphius), Theologia mystica / Spieghel der volcomenheita translator’s rendering
Chinese
- 1518Chuanxilu (Instructions for Practical Living)a translator’s rendering
- 1518Wang Yangming, Chuanxilua translator’s rendering
Modern European
- 1758Swedenborg, Heaven and Hellsame word and a translator’s rendering
- 1779Mesmer, Mémoire sur la découverte du magnétisme animalsame word and a translator’s rendering
- 1788Eckartshausen, Aufschlüsse zur Magie / Mystische Nächtesame word
- 1811Puységur, Recherches, expériences et observations sur le somnambulismesame word
- 1813Deleuze, Histoire critique du magnétisme animalsame word and a translator’s rendering
- maniah and external annihilation. Another time, she happily predicted that she would have a violent attack of convulsions andPractical Instruction on Animal Magnetism, 1825, p. 475 · flagged as a term by the translator
- maniaf of the reality of the alleged phenomena, I began experiments upon a girl, aged about sixteen, in whose case idiocy andPractical Instruction in Animal Magnetism (tr. Hartshorn), 1879, p. 441 · flagged as a term by the translator
- 1825Deleuze, Instruction pratique sur le magnétisme animalsame word and a translator’s rendering
- maniah and external annihilation. Another time, she happily predicted that she would have a violent attack of convulsions andPractical Instruction on Animal Magnetism, 1825, p. 475 · flagged as a term by the translator
- maniaf of the reality of the alleged phenomena, I began experiments upon a girl, aged about sixteen, in whose case idiocy andPractical Instruction in Animal Magnetism (tr. Hartshorn), 1879, p. 441 · flagged as a term by the translator
- 1836Colquhoun, Isis Revelata; Townshend, Facts in Mesmerism; Gregory, Letters on Animal Magnetism (British mesmerism)same word and a translator’s rendering
- insanitymasterpieces that even the most laborious study can never achieve. A patient subject to periodic bouts of mental illnessAn History of Magic, Witchcraft, and Animal Magnetism, Vol. 2, 1851, p. 142 · original word kept by the translator
- insanityloss of consciousness , convulsions , paralysis (affecting both movement and sensation), neuralgia intense nerve pain ,Letters to a Candid Inquirer, on Animal Magnetism, 1851, p. 59 · flagged as a term by the translator
- maniarunk several glasses of this magnetised water?” “I would have had convulsions, which would have bordered very closely onA Practical Manual of Animal Magnetism, 1843, p. 333 · flagged as a term by the translator
- 1840Teste, Manuel pratique de magnétisme animalsame word and a translator’s rendering
- 1844Ennemoser, Geschichte der Magiea translator’s rendering
- 1850Reichenbach, Der sensitive Mensch / Physikalisch-physiologische Untersuchungen (Od)a translator’s rendering
- 1869New Thought and mind-cure (Evans, Wood, Atkinson, Coué)a translator’s rendering
- 1869Von Hartmann, Philosophie des Unbewusstensame word
- 1885Du Prel, Die Philosophie der Mystiksame word and a translator’s rendering
- 1890William James, The Principles of Psychologya translator’s rendering
- 1897Trine, In Tune with the Infinitea translator’s rendering
- 1909Atkinson, Suggestion and Auto-Suggestiona translator’s rendering
Norse & Celtic
- 1835Grimm, Deutsche Mythologie (with Rydberg, Anderson)a translator’s rendering
Native American & Mesoamerican
- 1868Brinton, Myths of the New World / Religions of Primitive Peoplesa translator’s rendering
Theosophical & Modern Esoteric
- 1874Randolph, Eulis / Magia Sexualisa translator’s rendering
- 1885Carl du Prel, Die Philosophie der Mystik (dream and the transcendental subject)same word and a translator’s rendering
Oceanian
- 1899Spencer & Gillen, The Native Tribes of Central Australiaa translator’s rendering
- 1899Spencer and Gillen, The Native Tribes of Central Australia (the Dreaming)a translator’s rendering
At home in Renaissance & Early Modern Europe
- 1476Marsilio Ficino, Epistolae (Letters)same word and a translator’s rendering
- furor — divine madness/frenzyThus, we also call the soul's fervor, and the excess of desire; we lead back, therefore, what he callsMarsilio Ficino Epistolae, 1490, p. 523 · flagged as a term by the translator
- furor — frenzy/inspirationu have achieved so much at your current age. I do not attribute this to art or study alone, but much more to that divineLetters, 1495, p. 29 · flagged as a term by the translator
- furorn be mitigated by the harmonious influence of Venus. That theological truth is also evident: namely, that divine madnessThe Letters of Marsilio Ficino, 1497, p. 310 · flagged as a term by the translator
- 1482Ficino, Theologia Platonica XIII (on dreams, prophecy and the vacant soul)same word and a translator’s rendering
- furorremember indeed how wonderfully you were delighted to hear that love itself is not in truth lust, but a certain madnessThe Complete Works of Marsilio Ficino, 1561, p. 937 · original word kept by the translator
- madnesstegory has nothing of a contrary nature mixed into it or even near it, it follows that the first mind suffers nothing ofPlatonic Theology on the Immortality of Souls, 1525, p. 288 · flagged as a term by the translator
- maniain the All." mark this mark this This is already being divided, as Socrates says, regarding the "exits" and **madness**Platonic Theology, Theological Treatises, and Homilies, 1520, p. 153 · original word kept by the translator
- 1482Ficino, Theologia Platonica de immortalitate animorumsame word and a translator’s rendering
- 1489Ficino, De vita libri tressame word and a translator’s rendering
- Mania — madnessdom: for when that humor is ignited and burns, it is accustomed to make men agitated and frenzied, which the Greeks callDe Vita Libri Tres (Three Books on Life), 1529, p. 43 · flagged as a term by the translator
- mania — madnesssdom. Indeed, while that humor is ignited and burns, it usually makes people agitated and frenzied. This the Greeks callDe vita libri tres (De triplici vita); Apologia; Quod necessaria sit ad vitam securitas; Annotatio, 1498, p. 12 · flagged as a term by the translator
- mania — madnesswisdom. Indeed, while that humor is ignited and burns, it usually makes men agitated and frenzied. The Greeks call thisDe triplici vita ([Reprod.]), 1506, p. 11 · flagged as a term by the translator
- 1500Erasmus, Adagiasame word and a translator’s rendering
- Furor — Rage/Frenzyh trumpet; she fills all things with an insane tumult; Bellona the Roman goddess of war shakes her furious whip; impiousErasmus Adages, 1558, p. 478 · flagged as a term by the translator
- Furor — Fury/MadnessPan the god of the wild fills the universe with insane tumult. Bellona the Roman goddess of war shakes her furious whip.Adages, 1520, p. 605 · flagged as a term by the translator
- insaniaMarcus Tullius Cicero used the word insanitatem original: *insanitatem*; meaning "unsoundness" or "insanity" instead ofThe Adages, 1559, p. 1176 · flagged as a term by the translator
- 1520Pomponazzi, De naturalium effectuum causis sive de incantationibusa translator’s rendering
- 1531Erasmus, Apophthegmatasame word and a translator’s rendering
- 1533Agrippa, De occulta philosophia (Book III on religious ascent)same word and a translator’s rendering
- furorophetic insight rather than the darkness of madness. . For when this humor is ignited and burns, it excites a **frenzy**Three Books of Occult Philosophy, 1550, p. 157 · flagged as a term by the translator
- furorher, they pass in when the soul is vacant. Three types of vacancy. There are three types of such vacancy: namely, frenzyThree Books of Occult Philosophy, 1533, p. 315 · original word kept by the translator
- Furorolts and thunder. 136 The fumigation of images. 100 The effect of fumigations. 181 All foundations are square. 57 FrenzyThree Books of Occult Philosophy, 1551, p. 21 · original word kept by the translator
- 1533Agrippa, De occulta philosophia III (on dreams and prophecy)same word and a translator’s rendering
- furorophetic insight rather than the darkness of madness. . For when this humor is ignited and burns, it excites a **frenzy**Three Books of Occult Philosophy, 1550, p. 157 · flagged as a term by the translator
- furorher, they pass in when the soul is vacant. Three types of vacancy. There are three types of such vacancy: namely, frenzyThree Books of Occult Philosophy, 1533, p. 315 · original word kept by the translator
- Furorolts and thunder. 136 The fumigation of images. 100 The effect of fumigations. 181 All foundations are square. 57 FrenzyThree Books of Occult Philosophy, 1551, p. 21 · original word kept by the translator
- 1533Agrippa, De occulta philosophia libri tressame word and a translator’s rendering
- furorophetic insight rather than the darkness of madness. . For when this humor is ignited and burns, it excites a **frenzy**Three Books of Occult Philosophy, 1550, p. 157 · flagged as a term by the translator
- furorher, they pass in when the soul is vacant. Three types of vacancy. There are three types of such vacancy: namely, frenzyThree Books of Occult Philosophy, 1533, p. 315 · original word kept by the translator
- Furorolts and thunder. 136 The fumigation of images. 100 The effect of fumigations. 181 All foundations are square. 57 FrenzyThree Books of Occult Philosophy, 1551, p. 21 · original word kept by the translator
- 1563Weyer, De praestigiis daemonumsame word and a translator’s rendering
- 1580Montaigne, Essaissame word and a translator’s rendering
- 1596Shakespeare, A Midsummer Night's Dream and The Tempest ('such stuff as dreams are made on')same word
- 1650Isaac Ambrose, Media / Looking unto Jesussame word and a translator’s rendering
- 1651Hobbes, Leviathan (Part I, Of Man) with De corpore and De hominesame word and a translator’s rendering
- 1651Hobbes, Leviathan I.2 (on dreams and apparitions)same word and a translator’s rendering
- 1672Willis, De anima brutorum (with Cerebri anatome)same word and a translator’s rendering
- 1674Malebranche, De la recherche de la véritésame word
- 1677Spinoza, Ethica (Parts II–V)same word and a translator’s rendering
- 1758Swedenborg, De coelo et inferno (with De commercio animae et corporis)same word and a translator’s rendering
- 1779Mesmer, Mémoire sur la découverte du magnétisme animal (with the 1784 Commission reports)same word and a translator’s rendering
- 1784Puységur, Mémoires pour servir à l'histoire du magnétisme animal / Recherches sur le somnambulismesame word
Evidence gate. A work is listed only where a translator marked the word as a term with a gloss, or kept the original word beside the English, on at least one page of a held edition. Vocabulary lists and keywords alone do not count: in a Greek vocabulary list ἡσυχία is the ordinary word for quiet. Up to 3 pages are shown per work, preferring those with a gloss. The vocabulary was built 2026-09-11; the graph on 2026-09-13.